Python Introduction

Okay...But what is the meaning of Interpreter language?

Types of Literals

1. String literals:

   A string is literal and can be created by writing a text (a group of Characters) surrounded by a single(‘), double(“), or triple quotes.

# in single quote
s = 'codewithankit'

# in double quotes
t = "codewithankit"

# multi-line String
m = """code
with
ankit"""

print(s)
print(t)
print(m)
      

Types of Literals

1. String literals:

   A string is literal and can be created by writing a text (a group of Characters) surrounded by a single(‘), double(“), or triple quotes.

   # in single quote
   s = 'codewithankit'
   
   # in double quotes
   t = "codewithankit"
   
   # multi-line String
   m = """code
   with
   ankit"""
   
   print(s)
   print(t)
   print(m)
             

   Output:
   codewithankit
codewithankit
code
with
ankit
2. Numeric literal: (Integer, Float, Complex)

   • Integer: Both positive and negative numbers including 0. There should not be any fractional part. We assigned integer literals (0b10100, 50, 0o320, 0x12b) into different variables. Here, ‘a‘ is a binary literal, ‘b’ is a decimal literal, ‘c‘ is an octal literal, and ‘d‘ is a hexadecimal literal.

   # integer literal
   
   # Binary Literals
   a = 0b10100
   
   # Decimal Literal
   b = 50
   
   # Octal Literal
   c = 0o320
   
   # Hexadecimal Literal
   d = 0x12b
   
   print(a, b, c, d)
             

   Output:
   20 50 208 299

   • Float: These are real numbers having both integer and fractional parts.

   # Float Literal
   e = 24.8
   f = 45.0
   
   print(e, f)
             

   Output:
   24.8 45.0

   • Complex: The numerals will be in the form of a + bj, where ‘a’ is the real part and ‘b’ is the complex part.

   z = 7 + 5j
   
   # real part is 0 here.
   k = 7j
   
   print(z, k)
             

   Output:
   (7+5j) 7j
3. Boolean literals:

   • There are only two Boolean literals in Python. They are true and false.
   • True represents the value as 1, and False represents the value as 0.

   
4. Special literal:

   Python contains one special literal (None). ‘None’ is used to define a null variable.
   If ‘None’ is compared with anything else other than a ‘None’, it will return false.

   water_remain = None
   print(water_remain)
             

   Output:
   None

Statement and Expression

• Statement:
A statement is an instruction that a Python interpreter can execute. So, in simple words, we can say anything written in Python is a statement.

a = 2
print(a)
      

• Expression:
An expression is a combination of operators and operands that is interpreted to produce some other value.

b = 2 + 4
print(b)
      

5. BITWISE OPERATOR

Bitwise operators are used to perform bit-level operations on integers.

a = 5  # 0b0101
b = 3  # 0b0011

print(a & b)  # Output: 1 (0b0001)
print(a | b)  # Output: 7 (0b0111)
print(a ^ b)  # Output: 6 (0b0110)
print(~a)     # Output: -6 (invert bits)
print(a << 1) # Output: 10 (shift left)
print(a >> 1) # Output: 2 (shift right)
        

6. IDENTITY OPERATORS

Identity operators are used to compare the memory locations of two objects.

a = [1, 2, 3]
b = a
c = [1, 2, 3]

print(a is b)      # True
print(a is c)      # False
print(a is not c)  # True
        

7. MEMBERSHIP OPERATORS

Membership operators test whether a value or variable is found in a sequence (string, list, tuple, set, etc.).

list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print(3 in list)       # True
print(6 not in list)   # True